Pterygium

The major cause of pterygium, commonly known as “surfer’s eye,” is prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. People who spend a lot of time outdoors, particularly in sunny or windy environments, are at a higher risk of developing pterygium. This is why the condition is often associated with surfers, farmers and outdoor workers. Other contributing factors include chronic eye irritation from wind, dust and smoke. Genetic predisposition also plays a role, as pterygium tends to run in families. For those experiencing symptoms or who suspect they have pterygium, seeking professional care at Benaim Eye and Aesthetics is crucial for proper diagnosis and management.

Fixing pterygium involves several treatment options, depending on the severity of the condition. For mild cases, lubricating eye drops or artificial tears can relieve dryness and irritation. Anti-inflammatory eye drops may also be prescribed to reduce redness and swelling. Wearing sunglasses with UV protection is essential to prevent further UV damage and progression. In more severe cases, where the pterygium affects vision or causes significant discomfort, surgical removal may be necessary. The procedure, known as pterygium excision, involves removing the growth and may include grafting healthy conjunctival tissue or amniotic membrane to reduce the risk of recurrence. Benaim Eye and Aesthetics offers comprehensive care and surgical options for pterygium treatment.

A pterygium does not typically go away on its own. It is a benign growth that can remain stable or gradually increase in size over time. While mild cases may not require immediate intervention, monitoring by an eye care professional is essential to manage symptoms and prevent complications. Treatment options such as lubricating eye drops, anti-inflammatory medications and protective eyewear can help alleviate symptoms and slow progression. However, if the pterygium becomes large enough to affect vision or cause significant discomfort, surgical removal may be necessary. For proper diagnosis and treatment, individuals should consult the specialists at Benaim Eye and Aesthetics.

The best way to remove a pterygium is through a surgical procedure known as pterygium excision. During this procedure, the surgeon removes the pterygium along with a portion of the affected conjunctiva and corneal tissue. To reduce the risk of recurrence, a graft of healthy conjunctival tissue or amniotic membrane is placed over the excision site. This technique, known as conjunctival autografting or amniotic membrane transplantation, has a high success rate and minimizes complications. Post-operative care includes using anti-inflammatory and antibiotic eye drops to promote healing and prevent infection. For those considering surgery, Benaim Eye and Aesthetics provides expert surgical care and comprehensive post-operative management.

If left untreated, a pterygium can continue to grow and potentially cause several issues. As it enlarges, it can encroach onto the cornea, leading to vision distortion or blurriness. Chronic redness, irritation and a foreign body sensation are common symptoms that can persist and worsen over time. In advanced cases, the pterygium can induce astigmatism by altering the cornea’s shape, further impacting vision. In severe cases, it may even cover the pupil, significantly impairing vision. Regular monitoring and early intervention by eye care professionals, like those at Benaim Eye and Aesthetics, are crucial to prevent these complications and maintain eye health.

Pterygium can be categorized into four stages based on its severity and extent of growth:

Stage 1

The pterygium is confined to the conjunctiva and does not extend onto the cornea. Symptoms may include mild irritation and redness.

Stage 2

The growth begins to extend onto the cornea but does not reach the visual axis. Symptoms can include increased redness, dryness, and foreign body sensation.

Stage 3

The pterygium extends further onto the cornea, approaching the visual axis, potentially causing astigmatism and blurred vision.

Stage 4

The pterygium covers the visual axis, significantly impairing vision and causing severe symptoms.

Early detection and treatment by specialists at Benaim Eye and Aesthetics can help manage symptoms and prevent progression to advanced stages.

Pterygium surgery is generally well-tolerated, with most patients experiencing minimal discomfort. The procedure is typically performed under local anesthesia, which numbs the eye and surrounding tissues, ensuring the patient feels no pain during surgery. Post-operatively, patients may experience mild discomfort, redness and irritation for a few days to weeks. Pain management usually involves the use of prescribed anti-inflammatory and antibiotic eye drops, as well as over-the-counter pain relievers as necessary.

Several factors can worsen pterygium, including prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun, wind, dust and smoke. These environmental irritants can exacerbate symptoms and accelerate the growth of the pterygium. Chronic eye irritation, dry eye conditions and not wearing protective eyewear can also contribute to the worsening of the condition. Individuals with a genetic predisposition may experience more rapid progression. To manage and prevent worsening symptoms, it is essential to seek professional care from Benaim Eye and Aesthetics, where our team can provide appropriate treatments and recommendations for protecting your eyes.

Several eye conditions can be mistaken for pterygium because of similar symptoms or appearances. These include pinguecula, a benign yellowish growth on the conjunctiva that does not extend onto the cornea, and conjunctival nevus, a pigmented spot on the conjunctiva. Other conditions that may resemble pterygium include conjunctivitis (inflammation of the conjunctiva) and limbal dermoid (a congenital growth). Accurate diagnosis is crucial for appropriate treatment, and the experienced professionals at Benaim Eye and Aesthetics can differentiate pterygium from other eye conditions through a comprehensive eye examination and advanced diagnostic techniques.